Filter cleaning

ABSTRACT

A filter device for a vacuum cleaner, including a turbine device, for generating at least one first and one second main air flow through at least a portion of the vacuum cleaner, and a control unit. The filter device includes a first chamber including a first filter element, a first outflow opening, a first inlet opening and a first pressure surge element, which divides the first chamber into a first and a second space and is reversibly movable between a first and a second position, the first main air flow being able to flow into the first space of the first chamber through the first filter element and to flow back out through the first outflow opening, a second chamber including a second filter element, a second outflow opening, a second inlet opening and a second pressure surge element, which divides the second chamber into a first and a second space and is reversibly movable between a first and a second position, the second main air flow being able to flow into the first space of the second chamber through the second filter element and to flow back out through the second outflow opening. The first pressure surge element and the second pressure surge element alternately are reversibly movable to alternately clean the first and second filters.

The present invention relates to a filter device for a vacuum cleaner, including a turbine device, for generating at least one first and one second main air flow through at least a portion of the vacuum cleaner, and a control unit.

Vacuum cleaners are often used on construction sites to vacuum up dirt particles in the form of dust, borings or the like.

To collect the dirt, a negative pressure is generated inside the vacuum cleaner with the aid of a turbine. Via a hose, which is connected to the vacuum cleaner, the negative pressure is utilized to vacuum up dirt particles and transport them into a collection container of the vacuum cleaner. Commercially available vacuum cleaners are usually designed in such a way that the turbine, a filter, a collection container and the inlet opening for the suctioned dirt particles are situated successively or on a flow path. It is significant that the filter is positioned between the collection container or the inlet opening for the suctioned dirt particles and the negative pressure-generating turbine. Since the suctioned air enriched with dirt particles would flow through the turbine and would consequently soil or damage the turbine, the filter is used to clean the suctioned air, and thus, in particular, to protect the turbine.

A problem, however, arises in the process when the filter is no longer able to provide a sufficient filter function, and it is no longer possible to filter suctioned dirt particles out of the air flowing through the filter. This is, in particular, the case when the filter is increasingly soiled, i.e., filled with dirt particles, due to an extended use of the vacuum cleaner. To keep the filter functional, it must be cleaned intermittently and freed of the collected dirt particles. To clean the filter, however, the vacuum cleaner must be switched off, opened, and the filter taken out to remove the collected dirt particles. Such activities, however, interrupt the vacuuming process and are very time consuming.

According to the prior art, vacuum cleaners also already exist which include a device for cleaning the filter, without having to switch off and open the vacuum cleaner and take out the filter to remove the collected dirt particles. The disadvantage of such devices, however, is that the vacuuming process also has to be interrupted with these vacuum cleaners while the filter is being cleaned. This also prolongs the work with the vacuum cleaner.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

It is thus an object of the present invention to solve the above-described problem, and to provide an improved filter device for a vacuum cleaner with which a vacuuming process is not interrupted while the filter is being cleaned, and which therefore constitutes a time savings for the user of the vacuum cleaner.

The present invention provides a filter device for a vacuum cleaner, including a turbine device, for generating at least one first and one second main air flow through at least a portion of the vacuum cleaner, and a control unit.

According to the present invention, a first chamber includes a first filter element, a first outflow opening, a first inlet opening and a first pressure surge element, which divides the first chamber into a first and a second space and is reversibly movable between a first and a second position, the first main air flow being able to flow into the first space of the first chamber through the first filter element and to flow back out through the first outflow opening, a second chamber including a second filter element, a second outflow opening, a second inlet opening and a second pressure surge element, which divides the second chamber into a first and a second space and is reversibly movable between a first and a second position, the second main air flow being able to flow into the first space of the second chamber through the second filter element and to flow back out through the second outflow opening, the first outflow opening and the first filter element being positioned in the first space of the first chamber in such a way that a negative pressure generatable by the first main air flow moves the first pressure surge element into the first position, and the second outflow opening and the second filter element being positioned in the first space of the second chamber in such a way that a negative pressure generatable by the second main air flow moves the second pressure surge element into the first position, the first inlet opening being positioned in the second space of the first chamber in such a way that an atmospheric pressure acting on the second space of the first chamber through the inlet opening moves the first pressure surge element into the second position, whereby a pulse is transmitted from the first pressure surge element to the first filter element to instantaneously clean the first filter element, and the second inlet opening being positioned in the second space of the second chamber in such a way that an atmospheric pressure acting on the second space of the second chamber through the second inlet opening moves the second pressure surge element into the second position, whereby a pulse is transmitted from the second pressure surge element to the second filter element to instantly clean the second filter element, and the first pressure surge element and the second pressure surge element alternately being reversibly movable from the first into the second position to alternately clean the first and second filter elements.

In this way, the vacuum process is not interrupted while the filter is being cleaned, and the user is able to continue to vacuum dirt particles with the aid of the vacuum cleaner.

According to one advantageous specific embodiment of the present invention, it may be possible that the alternating reversible movement of the first and second pressure surge elements from the first into the second position is regulated by the control unit. In this way, the number or frequency of the intervals for cleaning the filters may be precisely controlled.

According to one further alternative specific embodiment, a sensor may be present for measuring the air flow in the first space of the first and/or second chamber(s), with the aid of which the degree of soiling of the respective filter may be ascertained. The sensor is connected to the control unit and transmits a corresponding signal with respect to the degree of soiling of the respective filter to the control unit. The control unit furthermore includes a logic unit and/or a look-up table, with the aid of which the degree of soiling of the respective filter may be interpreted and, if necessary, immediate cleaning of the respective filter may be generated.

According to one further advantageous specific embodiment of the present invention, it may be possible that a first inlet line including a first valve and a second inlet line including a second valve are present, the first inlet opening being connectable to the ambient air by the first inlet line, and the second inlet opening being connectable to the ambient air by the second inlet line, and the first inlet line being closeable by the first valve and the second inlet line being closeable by the second valve. In this way, a connection may be created in a simple manner from the respective second space of the first or second chamber to the bypass air of the vacuum cleaner, and thus a connection to an atmospheric pressure condition.

It is possible for the first and/or second valve(s) to be connected to the control unit, so that the control unit is able to control or regulate the first and/or second valve(s) or the flow-through opening of the first and/or second valve(s). In this way, the first and/or second valve(s) may be controlled centrally via the control unit and individually.

According to one further advantageous specific embodiment of the present invention, it may be possible that a first and a second retaining element are present, the first retaining element being able to hold the first pressure surge element in the first position, and the second retaining element being able to hold the second pressure surge element in the first position. It is possible that the first retaining element is positioned in the second space of the first chamber, and that the second retaining element is positioned in the second space of the second chamber.

A retaining force for the respective pressure surge element is generated by the retaining element, so that a higher air pressure may be built up by the respective inlet line in the respective second space of the first or second chamber, before the pressure surge element is moved from the first position into the second position. Corresponding to the selected retaining force of the retaining element, it is also possible to increase the pulse generated by the pressure surge element which acts on the respective filter element for cleaning. As a result of a boosted pulse, the cleaning is also improved.

According to one further advantageous specific embodiment of the present invention, it may be possible that the first and/or second retaining element(s) is/are designed in the form of a spring. In this way, the retaining element may be implemented in a simple manner. The spring may be designed in the form of a compression spring, which is positioned in the first space and pushes the pressure surge element in one direction. Furthermore, the spring may also be designed in the form of a tension spring, which is positioned in the second space and pulls the pressure surge element in one direction.

According to one further advantageous specific embodiment of the present invention, it may be possible that the first and/or second retaining element(s) is/are designed in the form of a magnet. In this way, an almost maximal pressure may be generated in the second space in a simple manner before the respective pressure surge element is instantaneously moved from the first into the second position. A pulse generated by the pressure surge element for cleaning the filter element is thus almost maximal.

According to one further advantageous specific embodiment of the present invention, it may be possible for a first and a second connecting channel to be present, the first connecting channel connecting the turbine device and the first feed line to increase the air pressure in the second space of the first chamber with the aid of the turbine device, and the second connecting channel connecting the turbine device and the second feed line to increase the air pressure in the second space of the second chamber with the aid of the turbine device. In this way, a negative pressure may be generated in the respective second space with the aid of the turbine device to move the pressure surge element more quickly again from the second position into the first position.

According to one further advantageous specific embodiment, the connecting channels may be controlled or regulated via a valve. The control or regulation is carried out by the control unit.

Furthermore, a first pressure sensor, connected to the control unit, may be present in the second space of the first chamber, and a second sensor, connected to the control unit, may be present in the second space of the second chamber, by which the air pressure in the respective second space is measurable. In this way, the value of the air pressure in the respective second space is routed to the control unit, so that the control unit opens, or further opens, the first and/or second valve(s) to increase the air pressure. As an alternative, the control unit may thus have an air pressure flow from the turbine device via the first and/or second connecting channel(s) into the respective second space. The control unit is connected to the turbine device for this purpose.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

Further advantages are derived from the following description of the figures. The figures show different exemplary embodiments of the present invention. The figures, the description and the claims include numerous features in combination. Those skilled in the art will advantageously also consider the features individually and combine them into useful further combinations.

In the figures, identical and similar components are denoted by identical reference numerals.

FIG. 1 shows a schematic side view of a vacuum cleaner including a filter device according to the present invention, according to a first specific embodiment;

FIG. 2 shows a further schematic side view of the vacuum cleaner including the filter device according to the present invention, according to the first specific embodiment, a first and a second pressure surge element being in a first position, and a first and a second valve being closed;

FIG. 3 shows a further schematic side view of the vacuum cleaner including the filter device according to the present invention, according to the first specific embodiment, the first and second pressure surge elements being in the first position, and the first valve being open and the second valve being closed;

FIG. 4 shows a further schematic side view of the vacuum cleaner including the filter device according to the present invention, according to the first specific embodiment, the first pressure surge element being between the first and second positions;

FIG. 5 shows a further schematic side view of the vacuum cleaner including the filter device according to the present invention, according to the first specific embodiment, the first pressure surge element being in the second position so that the first filter element is being cleaned;

FIG. 6 shows a further schematic side view of the vacuum cleaner including the filter device according to the present invention, according to the first specific embodiment, the first and second valves being closed, and the first pressure surge element moving from the second into the first position;

FIG. 7 shows a further schematic side view of the vacuum cleaner including the filter device according to the present invention, according to the first specific embodiment, the first and second valves being closed, and both the first and the second pressure surge element being in the first position;

FIG. 8 shows a further schematic side view of the vacuum cleaner including the filter device according to the present invention, according to the first specific embodiment, the second valve being open, and the second pressure surge element being between the first and second positions;

FIG. 9 shows a further schematic side view of the vacuum cleaner including the filter device according to the present invention, according to the first specific embodiment, the second pressure surge element being in the second position so that the second filter element is being cleaned;

FIG. 10 shows a further schematic side view of the vacuum cleaner including the filter device according to the present invention, according to the first specific embodiment, the first and second valves being closed, and the second pressure surge element moving from the second into the first position;

FIG. 11 shows a further schematic side view of the vacuum cleaner including the filter device according to the present invention, according to the first specific embodiment, the first and second valves being closed, and both the first and the second pressure surge element being in the first position;

FIG. 12 shows a further schematic side view of the vacuum cleaner including the filter device according to the present invention, according to the first specific embodiment, the first pressure surge element being in the second position so that the first filter element is being cleaned;

FIG. 13 shows a further schematic side view of the vacuum cleaner including the filter device according to the present invention, according to a second specific embodiment;

FIG. 14 shows a further schematic side view of the vacuum cleaner including the filter device according to the present invention, according to a third specific embodiment;

FIG. 15 shows a further schematic side view of the vacuum cleaner including the filter device according to the present invention, according to a fourth specific embodiment;

FIG. 16 shows a schematic side view of the vacuum cleaner including the filter device according to the present invention, according to a fifth specific embodiment; and

FIG. 17 shows a further schematic side view of the vacuum cleaner including the filter device according to the present invention, according to the fifth specific embodiment.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

FIGS. 1 through 12 show a vacuum cleaner 1 including a filter device 2 according to the present invention, according to a first specific embodiment.

Vacuum cleaner 1 essentially includes a suction head 3 and a collection container 4 for dirt particles. Suction head 3, in turn, essentially includes a housing 5, a turbine device 6, filter device 2, and a control unit 7.

Turbine device 6 is used to generate a first main air flow 8 a and a second main air flow 8 b. Both first and second main air flows 8 a, 8 b flow from collection container 4 to suction head 3 through turbine device 6 and out of housing 5 (cf. FIG. 2).

Control unit 7 is positioned on a housing 6 a of turbine device 6. However, it is also possible for control unit 7 to be positioned in any other possible location of suction head 3. Moreover, control unit 7 is connected to turbine device 6 in such a way that the function of turbine device 6 may be controlled and regulated by control unit 7.

Collection container 4 is essentially made up of a pan 9 having a suction opening 10. As an alternative, collection container 4 may also be designed without a suction opening, so that the suctioned air including dirt particles SP may flow into suction head 3 via an opening provided for this purpose, and into collection container 4 via a corresponding line. With such an embodiment, a disposal bag without a corresponding hole for a suction opening may be inserted into collection container 4.

A first end of a vacuum cleaner hose may be connected to suction opening 10. The second end of the vacuum cleaner hose includes an interface for a nozzle (e.g., a floor nozzle) or a suction device on a machine tool, with which dirt particles may be vacuumed up. With the aid of first and second main air flows 8 a, 8 b, air and thus dirt particles SP are suctioned through the vacuum cleaner hose and transported into collection container 4. The vacuum cleaner hose is not shown in the figures.

Filter device 2 includes a first chamber 11 a and a second chamber 11 b. Both first and second chambers 11 a, 11 b have a cylindrical shape. However, it is also possible for first chamber 11 a and/or second chamber 11 b to each have a different shape.

First chamber 11 a essentially has a first outflow opening 12 a, a first inlet opening 25 a, a first pressure surge element 14 a, and a first inflow opening 15 a. Second chamber 11 b has a second outflow opening 12 b, a second inlet opening 25 b, a second pressure surge element 14 b, and a second inflow opening 15 b.

Both first and second pressure surge elements 14 a, 14 b are essentially implemented in the form of a piston having a circular diameter and a central recess 16 a, 16 b. As an alternative, the cross section may also have any other possible shape. Each pressure surge element 14 a, 14 b is movable in the respective first or second chamber 11 a, 11 b between a first and a second position. Chamber 11 a, 11 b serves as a kind of cylinder in the process, so that pressure surge element 14 a, 14 b in the respective chamber 11 a, 11 b form a piston-cylinder unit.

First and second chambers 11 a, 11 b moreover each include a guide rod 17 a, 17 b, a first stop element 18 a, 18 b, and a second stop element 19 a, 19 b. Each guide rod 17 a, 17 b has a respective first end 20 a, 20 b and a second end 21 a, 21 b. First stop element 18 a, 18 b is positioned on first end 20 a, 20 b of guide rod 17 a, 17 b, and second stop element 19 a, 19 b is positioned on second end 21 a, 21 b of guide rod 17 a, 17 b. Pressure surge element 14 a, 14 b designed as a piston is positioned with central recess 16 a, 16 b around guide rod 17 a, 17 b, or guide rod 17 a, 17 b extends through central recess 16 a, 16 b. Pressure surge element 14 a, 14 b is thus able to move between first end 20 a, 20 b of guide rod 17 a, 17 b including first stop element 18 a, 18 b and second end 21 a, 21 b of guide rod 17 a, 17 b including second stop element 19 a, 19 b. Stop elements 18 a, 18 b, 19 a, 19 b are made up of rubber (or another elastic or compressible material) and damp the movement of pressure surge element 14 a, 14 b when it is situated either on first or second end 20 a, 20 b, 21 a, 21 b of guide rod 17 a, 17 b. When pressure surge element 14 a, 14 b rests against first end 20 a, 20 b of guide rod 17 a, 17 b, pressure surge element 14 a, 14 b is in the first position. Accordingly, pressure surge element 14 a, 14 b is in the second position when pressure surge element 14 a, 14 b rests against second end 21 a, 21 b of guide rod 17 a, 17 b.

First inflow opening 15 a is situated in direction A on first chamber 11 a and is used to releasably accommodate a first filter element 22 a. First main air flow 8 a flows through first filter element 22 a and first inflow opening 15 a from collection container 4 into first chamber 11 a. First filter element 22 a is used to filter the suctioned dirt particles SP out of first main air flow 8 a. Dirt particles SP remain in the individual fibers of first filter element 22 a. First main air flow 8 a flows back out of first chamber 11 a through first outflow opening 12 a and to turbine device 6.

It should be noted that first outflow opening 12 a is closed by first pressure surge element 14 a when first pressure surge element 14 a is in the second position (cf. FIGS. 5, 9, 12).

As was already mentioned above, first pressure surge element 14 a is positioned inside first chamber 11 a and may be reversibly moved between a first and a second position. First pressure surge element 14 a thus divides first chamber 11 a into a first space 23 a and a second space 24 a. By displacing first pressure surge element 14 a in first chamber 11 a, the volumes of first and second spaces 23 a, 24 a are variable. First main air flow 8 a flows primarily through first space 23 a of first chamber 11 a.

First inlet opening 25 a is situated on second space 24 a of first chamber 11 a. A first inlet line 26 a including a first valve 27 a is connected to first inlet opening 25 a. Air from surroundings UL of the vacuum cleaner having an atmospheric pressure may reach second space 24 a of first chamber 11 a via first inlet line 26 a. Control unit 7 is connected to first valve 27 a in such a way that control unit 7 is able to control and regulate the function of first valve 27 a. Control unit 7 may, in particular, control the opening and closing of first valve 27 a to regulate the inward flow of ambient air UL: with atmospheric pressure into the second space. The connection between control unit 7 and first valve 27 a is not shown in the figures.

Second inflow opening 15 b is situated in direction B on second chamber 11 b and is used to releasably accommodate second filter element 22 b. Second main air flow 8 b flows through second filter element 22 b and second inflow opening 15 b from collection container 4 into second chamber 11 b. Second filter element 22 b is used to filter the suctioned dirt particles SP out of second main air flow 8 b. Dirt particles SP remain in the individual fibers of second filter element 22 b. Second main air flow 8 b flows back out of second chamber 11 b through second outflow opening 12 b and to turbine device 6.

As was also already mentioned above, second pressure surge element 14 b is positioned inside second chamber 11 b and may be reversibly moved between a first and a second position. Second pressure surge element 14 b divides second chamber 11 b into a first space 23 b and a second space 24 b. By displacing second pressure surge element 14 b in second chamber 11 b, the volumes of first and second spaces 23 b, 24 b are variable. Second main air flow 8 b flows primarily through first space 23 b of second chamber 11 b. Second inlet opening 25 b is situated on second space 24 b of second chamber 11 b. A second inlet line 26 b including a second valve 27 b is connected to second inlet opening 25 b. Air from surroundings UL of vacuum cleaner 1 having an atmospheric pressure may reach second space 24 b of second chamber 11 b via second inlet line 26 b. Control unit 7 is connected to second valve 27 b in such a way that control unit 7 is able to control and regulate the function of second valve 27 b. Control unit 7 may, in particular, control the opening and closing of second valve 27 b to regulate the inward flow of ambient air UL with atmospheric pressure into second space 24 b. The connection between control unit 7 and second valve 27 b is not shown in the figures.

Moreover, first space 23 a, 23 b of first and second chambers 11 a, 11 b includes a respective first air pressure sensor 28 a, 28 b, which measures the air pressure in first space 23 a, 23 b and is connected to control unit 7. Via the connection, first air pressure sensor 28 a, 28 b is able to transmit the air pressure value in first space 23 a, 23 b to control unit 7. First air pressure sensor 28 a, 28 b is positioned in first space 23 a, 23 b and, in particular, in each case on second end 21 a, 21 b of guide rod 17 a, 17 b. The processing unit and the memory of control unit 7 also contain highlighted data (look-up table), with the aid of which air pressure values in first space 23 a, 23 b transmitted by first air pressure sensors 28 a, 28 b may be processed.

As is described in detail hereafter, the values of first air pressure sensors 23 a, 23 b are used to establish whether and to what degree first and/or second filter element 22 a, 22 b is filled with suctioned dirt particles SP. The lower the air pressure value measured by first air pressure sensor 28 a, 28 b, the less air is able to penetrate into chambers 11 a, 11 b, and the fuller is filter element 22 a, 22 b with dirt particles SP.

Furthermore, second space 24 a, 24 b of first and second chambers 11 a, 11 b includes a respective second air pressure sensor 30 a, 30 b, which measures the air pressure in second space 24 a, 24 b and is connected to control unit 7. Via the connection, second air pressure sensor 30 a, 30 b is able to transmit the air pressure value in second space 24 a, 24 b to control unit 7. Second air pressure sensor 30 a, 30 b is positioned in the respective second space 24 a, 24 b and on a partition 31 extending between first and second chambers 11 a, 11 b. The processing unit and the memory of control unit 7 also include underlying data (look-up table), with the aid of which air pressure values in second space 24 a, 24 b transmitted by second air pressure sensors 30 a, 30 b may be processed.

When vacuum cleaner 1 is in a normal suction state, in which air is suctioned with the aid of two main air flows 8 a, 8 b through the vacuum cleaner hose (not shown) and two filter elements 22 a, 22 b, first pressure surge element 14 a in first chamber 11 a is in the first position (cf. FIGS. 1 and 2). Dirt particles SP suctioned by main air flows 8 a, 8 b remain adhering in the fibers of filter elements 22 a, 22 b (cf. FIG. 3). As is apparent from FIGS. 1 and 2, first and second valves 27 a, 27 b are connected to the respective inlet lines 26 a, 26 b, through which no ambient air UL with an atmospheric pressure is able to reach second space 24 a, 24 b of first or second chamber 11 a, 11 b.

As is indicated in FIG. 3, a certain layer made up of suctioned dirt particles SP is formed on first filter element 22 a. Dirt particle layer SP on first filter element 22 a is thicker than on second filter element 22 b. As a result of the relatively thick dirt particle layer SP on first filter element 22 a, less suctioned air reaches first space 23 a of first chamber 11 a with first main air flow 8 a. First air pressure sensor 28 a in first space 23 a of first chamber 11 a measures the low air pressure value and transmits it to control unit 7. Control unit 7 evaluates the low air pressure value and opens first valve 28 a in first inlet line 26 a. The evaluation is carried out by a comparison of the detected air pressure values to stored values. As an alternative, the evaluation may take place by a stored logarithm. As a result of the opening of first valve 28 a, ambient air UL having an atmospheric pressure, i.e., having an air pressure value which is higher than the instantaneous air pressure value in first space 23 a of first chamber 11 a, is able to flow through first inlet line 26 a and through first inlet opening 25 a into second space 24 a of first chamber 11 a. Second air pressure sensor 30 a in second space 24 a measures the air pressure in second space 24 a, which increases due to inflowing ambient air UL. By transmitting the value of second air pressure sensor 30 a to control unit 7, control unit 7 is able to monitor the rising air pressure in second space 24 a and set valve 27 a accordingly. If, for example, the air pressure in second space 24 a very quickly exceeds a particular value stored in the memory of control unit 7, control unit 7 closes valve 27 a accordingly quickly again. Likewise, valve 27 a may also remain open longer when the air pressure in second space 24 a increases only slowly. Similarly, control unit 7 may also regulate the flow diameter in valve 27 a to allow either more or less ambient air UL to flow into second space 24 a more quickly or more slowly.

Since a higher pressure is now present in second space 24 a than in first space 23 a, first pressure surge element 14 a is moved from the first position in direction A into second position (cf. FIG. 4). This movement takes place instantaneously, so that a pulse is transmitted from first pressure surge element 14 a to first filter element 22 a via the accumulated air in the gap (i.e., small first space) between first pressure surge element 14 a and first filter element 22 a. As a result of this pulse, dirt particle layer SP is detached from or knocked off first filter element 22 a. Dirt particle layer SP falls in direction D into collection container 4 (cf. FIG. 5). In this state, vacuum cleaner 1 continues to remain in a vacuuming mode since it is possible to continue to suction dirt particles SP through second filter element 22 b and second chamber 11 b with second main air flow 8 b (cf. FIGS. 4, 5).

It shall be noted that first pressure surge element 14 a, 14 b is not moved completely toward filter element 22 a, 22 b until contact is made. As was already mentioned, a certain gap remains between pressure surge element 14 a, 14 b and filter element 22 a, 22 b. As was already mentioned above, first outflow opening 12 a is closed by pressure surge element 14 a designed as a piston when first pressure surge element 14 a is in the second position (FIG. 5).

After dirt particle layer SP has fallen off first filter element 22 a into collection container 4, first valve 27 a is closed again, so that ambient air UL with an atmospheric air pressure is no longer able to reach second space 24 a. Since overpressure as a result of the introduced ambient air UL is no longer present in second space 24 a of first chamber 11 a, and first main air flow 8 a again pushes on first pressure surge element 14 a with a higher air pressure, first pressure surge element 14 a moves from the second position in direction B back into the first position again. First outflow opening 12 a is no longer closed by first pressure surge element 14 a and opens increasingly when first pressure surge element 14 a moves in direction B. With the increasing opening of first outflow opening 12 a, increasingly more air flows with first main air flow 8 a through first space 23 a of first chamber 11 a.

FIG. 7 represents the state in which first filter element 22 a is cleaned, but a certain dirt particle layer SP has accumulated on second filter element 22 b by the suctioned dirt particles SP retained in second filter element 22 b. As is also apparent from FIG. 7, second main air flow 8 b is weaker compared to first main air flow 8 a. Second main air flow 8 b is weaker since less air is able to flow through the clogged second filter element 22 b into first space 23 b of second chamber 11 b. The air pressure value is measured with the aid of first air pressure sensor 28 a in first space 23 a of second chamber 11 b and transmitted to control unit 7. Control unit 7 establishes the low air pressure value in first space 23 b and opens second valve 27 b, so that ambient air UL having an atmospheric pressure is able to flow via second inlet line 26 b and through second inlet opening 25 b into second space 24 b of second chamber 11 b. As a result of the sudden overpressure in second space 24 b of second chamber 11 b, second pressure surge element 14 b is moved instantaneously from the first position in direction B into the second position (FIG. 8). As was already described for first pressure surge element 14 b, second pressure surge element 14 b designed as a piston increasingly closes second outflow opening 12 b in the path from the first into the second position. In this way, the pressure difference between first and second spaces 23 b, 24 b continues to increase.

The instantaneous movement of second pressure surge element 14 b from the first into the second position causes a pulse to be transmitted from second pressure surge element 14 b onto second filter element 22 b via the accumulated air in the gap (i.e., small first space) between second pressure surge element 14 b and second filter element 22 b. As a result of this pulse, dirt particle layer SP is detached from or knocked off second filter element 22 b. Dirt particle layer SP falls in direction D into collection container 4 (cf. FIG. 9). In this state, vacuum cleaner 1 continues to remain in a vacuuming mode since it is possible to continue to suction dirt particles SP through first filter element 22 a and first chamber 11 a with first main air flow 8 a (cf. FIGS. 8, 9).

Afterwards, second valve 27 b in second inlet line 26 b is closed via control unit 7, so that overpressure is no longer present in second space 24 b. Second main air flow 8 b presses on second pressure surge element 14 b designed as a piston and moves it from the second position in direction A back into the first position again. Second outflow opening 12 b is now no longer closed, and second main air flow 8 b again flows through second filter element 22 b and through second chamber 11 b.

As is shown in FIG. 12, the procedure of cleaning first filter element 22 a is repeated when it is covered again with a dirt particle layer SP after a certain time, i.e., filter element 22 a is clogged with dirt particles SP.

The cleaning of filter elements 22 a, 22 b may be carried out based on the air pressure values which are measured by first air pressure sensors 28 a, 28 b and transmitted to control unit 7. As described above, cleaning of a filter element 22 a, 22 b may take place when the measured air pressure value in first space 23 a, 23 b exceeds a particular value. However, it is also possible for the cleaning of filter elements 22 a, 22 b to be controlled by control unit 7 on a regular basis or at particular intervals. As an alternative, the cleaning of filter elements 22 a, 22 b may also take place by a user of vacuum cleaner 1 with the aid of a mechanism not shown in the figures. It is possible that the mechanism is able to alternately close and reopen first or second valve 27 a, 27 b, so that first and second filter elements 22 a, 22 b are also alternately cleaned.

FIG. 13 shows a filter device 2 according to a second specific embodiment. Filter device 2 according to the second specific embodiment essentially corresponds to filter device 2 according to the first specific embodiment. In contrast to the first specific embodiment, filter device 2 according to the second specific embodiment includes a first retaining element 32 in the form of a compression spring. The compression spring is positioned in each case in first space 23 a, 23 b and around guide rod 17 a, 17 b. The compression spring includes a first and a second end, the first end resting against first end 20 a, 20 b of guide rod 17 a, 17 b, and the second end resting against pressure surge element 14 a, 14 b designed as a piston. Retaining element 32 designed as a compression spring is used to hold pressure surge element 14 a, 14 b in the first position until a certain air pressure value is achieved in first space 23 a, 23 b by the inflowing ambient air UL. When the air pressure finally exceeds the spring force of retaining element 32 designed as a compression spring, pressure surge element 14 a, 14 b moves, in particular, instantaneously from the first into the second position. In this way, improved cleaning of filter element 22 a, 22 b may be achieved.

FIG. 14 shows a filter device 2 according to a third specific embodiment. Filter device 22 a, 22 b according to the second specific embodiment essentially corresponds to filter device 2 according to the first specific embodiment. In contrast to the first specific embodiment, filter device 2 according to the second specific embodiment includes a second retaining element 33 in the form of a magnet. The magnet is positioned in second space 24 a, 24 b and on second end 21 a, 21 b of guide rod 17 a, 17 b. The magnet acts on pressure surge element 14 a, 14 b designed as a piston in such a way that it is held in the first position until the air pressure rising as a result of the inflowing ambient air UL in second space 24 a, 24 b exceeds a certain value. When the air pressure in second space 24 a, 24 b finally exceeds the magnetic force of the magnet, pressure surge element 14 a, 14 b moves, in particular, instantaneously from the first into the second position. In this way, improved cleaning of filter element 22 a, 22 b may be achieved.

FIG. 15 shows a filter device 2 according to a fourth specific embodiment. Filter device 2 according to the fourth specific embodiment essentially corresponds to filter device 2 according to the first specific embodiment. In contrast to the first specific embodiment, filter device 2 according to the fourth specific embodiment includes a first and a second connecting channel 33 a, 33 b. First connecting channel 33 a connects turbine device 6 and first inlet line 26 a to increase the air pressure in second space 24 a of first chamber 11 a with the aid of turbine device 6. Second connecting channel 33 b connects turbine device 6 and second inlet line 26 b to increase the air pressure in second space 14 b of second chamber 11 b with the aid of turbine device 6. Since air is additionally able to flow via first or second connecting channel 33 a, 33 b out of second space 24 a, 24 b of the respective first or second chamber 11 a, 11 b with the aid of a negative pressure generated by turbine device 6, it is possible to move pressure surge element 14 a, 14 b from the second into the first position. In this way, pressure surge element 14 a, 14 b may be moved more quickly from the second into the first position.

FIGS. 16 and 17 show a filter device 2 according to a fifth specific embodiment. In contrast to filter device 2 according to the other specific embodiments, i.e., first through fourth specific embodiments, first and second pressure surge elements 14 a, 14 b in filter device 2 according to the fifth specific embodiment are not equipped with a respective guide rod 17 a, 17 b. As is apparent from FIGS. 16 and 17, first and second pressure surge elements 14 a, 14 b are each designed in the form of a circular piston. A first cylinder element 34 a is present in second space 24 a of first chamber 11 a. A second cylinder element 34 b is present in second space 24 b of second chamber 11 b. Each cylinder element 34 a, 34 b includes a respective first end 35 a, 35 b and a second end 36 a, 36 b. First end 35 a, 35 b of cylinder elements 34 a, 34 b is attached to partition 31. A first diaphragm element 37 a is positioned on second end 36 a of first cylinder element 34 a. First diaphragm element 37 a completely encloses second end 36 a of first cylinder element 34 a and connects second end 36 a of first cylinder element 34 a to the outer edge of pressure surge element 14 a, 14 b designed as a circular piston or as a disk. A second diaphragm element 37 b is positioned on second end 36 b of second cylinder element 34 b. Second diaphragm element 37 b completely encloses second end 36 b of second cylinder element 34 b and connects second end 36 b of second cylinder element 34 b to the outer edge of the pressure surge element designed as a circular piston or as a disk. First and second diaphragm elements 37 a, 37 b are each designed as a rolling diaphragm, so that it extends elastically with first or second pressure surge element 14 a, 14 b when first or second pressure surge element 14 a, 14 b moves from the first into a second position (cf. FIG. 17). In other words, first and second diaphragm elements 37 a, 37 b designed as a rolling diaphragm each roll out when the respective pressure surge element 14 a, 14 b moves from the first into the second position. When pressure surge element 14 a, 14 b moves from the second back into the first position, first and second diaphragm elements 37 a, 37 b designed as a rolling diaphragm each roll up again.

According to one further specific embodiment not shown in the figures, it is furthermore also possible for the second, third and fourth specific embodiments to be combined with one another. 

What is claimed is:
 1. A filter device for a vacuum cleaner having a turbine device for generating at least one first and one second main air flow through at least a portion of the vacuum cleaner having and a control unit, the filter device comprising: a first chamber including a first filter element, a first outflow opening, a first inlet opening and a first pressure surge element dividing the first chamber into a first chamber first space and a first chamber second space and reversibly movable between a first pressure surge element first position and a first pressure surge element second position, the first main air flow being able to flow into the first chamber first space through the first filter element and to flow back out through the first outflow opening; a second chamber including a second filter element, a second outflow opening, a second inlet opening and a second pressure surge element dividing the second chamber into a second chamber first space and a second chamber second space reversibly movable between a second pressure surge element first position and a second pressure surge element second position, the second main air flow being able to flow into the second chamber first space through the second filter element and to flow back out through the second outflow opening; the first outflow opening and the first filter element being positioned in the first chamber first space in such a way that a negative pressure generatable by the first main air flow moves the first pressure surge element into the first pressure surge element first position, and the second outflow opening and the second filter element being positioned in the second chamber first space in such a way that a negative pressure generatable by the second main air flow moves the second pressure surge element into the second pressure surge element first position, the first inlet opening being positioned in the second space of the first chamber in such a way that an atmospheric pressure acting on the first chamber second space through the inlet opening moves the first pressure surge element into the first pressure surge element second position, whereby a pulse is transmitted from the first pressure surge element to the first filter element to instantaneously clean the first filter element, and the second inlet opening being positioned in the second chamber second space in such a way that an atmospheric pressure acting on the second chamber second space through the second inlet opening moves the second pressure surge element into the second position, whereby a further pulse is transmitted from the second pressure surge element to the second filter element to instantaneously clean the second filter element, and the first pressure surge element and the second pressure surge element alternately are reversibly movable from the first into the second position to alternately clean the first and second filter elements.
 2. The filter device as recited in claim 1 wherein the alternating reversible movement of the first pressure surge element from the first pressure surge element first position into the first pressure surge element second position and the second pressure surge element from the second pressure surge element first position into the second pressure surge element second position is regulated by the control unit.
 3. The filter device as recited in claim 1 further comprising a first inlet line including a first valve and a second inlet line including a second valve, the first inlet opening being connectable to the ambient air by the first inlet line, and the second inlet opening being connectable to the ambient air by the second inlet line, and the first inlet line being closeable by the first valve and the second inlet line being closeable by the second valve.
 4. The filter device as recited in claim 3 further comprising a first and a second connecting channel, the first connecting channel connecting the turbine device and the first inlet line to increase the air pressure in the second space of the first chamber with the aid of the turbine device, and the second connecting channel connecting the turbine device and the second inlet line to increase the air pressure in the second space of the second chamber with the aid of the turbine device.
 5. The filter device as recited in claim 1 further comprising a first and a second retaining element, the first retaining element being able to hold the first pressure surge element in the first pressure surge element first position, and the second retaining element being able to hold the second pressure surge element in the second purge element first position.
 6. The filter device as recited in claim 5 wherein the first or second retaining element is designed in the form of a spring.
 7. The filter device as recited in claim 5 wherein the first or second retaining element is designed in the form of a magnet. 